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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8" />
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" />
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<title>Inexpensive IAP Reduction</title>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="index.html">Home</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="hypo.html">Hypothesis</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="design.html">Design</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">Result</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">Conclusion</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">About</a></li>
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</nav>
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<!-- end of navbar section -->
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<!-- Design information section -->
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<div class="container px-4">
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<div class="row gx-4 justify-content-center">
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<div class="col-lg-12">
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<br>
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<br>
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Design
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<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">Design</h2>
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<p class=".fw-bold lead">
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Procedure followed to design and construct the cooking Stove
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Thermal design assumption of the cooking stove
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</p>
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</div>
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<!-- another col-lg-12 section -->
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<div class="col-lg-12">
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<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">The Thermal and Assumption Table</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Test the performance of designs based on the experience of Zimbabwe residents who cook inside of their dwellings without proper ventilation and suffer from IAP.</li>
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<li>One square meter of discarded sheet metal 1mm thick was used to create several different units.</li>
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<li>The metal sheet was marked using some chalk to create fold lines and cut lines.</li>
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<li>The marked shapes were cut using sheet metal snips. The shapes were joining by folding the edges of the two-dimensional shapes to form threedimensional shapes.</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">Design of Combustion Chamber</h2>
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<p class=".fw-bold lead">
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The combustion chamber is designed in a rectangular prism shape.
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In the combustion chamber fuel (wood pieces) are combusted.
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It was observed that inner chamber became red hot.
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To reduce the heat losses from inner chamber, a jacket of coarse sand and heat resistance refractory material was added (Fire Clay).
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As shown in the figure to the right.
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</p>
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<div class="fw-bolder">The Clean Cooking System has two components:</div>
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Stove “Cooker” to burn fuel more efficiently and reduce emitted smoke.
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Chimney and hood, to eliminate fumes from dwelling. The chimney is isolated from the roof by a 2nd outer pipe. Nails are used to isolate the chimney pipe from the insulating pipe and the roof.
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- ======footer section============= -->
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<footer class="py-5 bg-dark">
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<div class="container px-4"><p class="m-0 text-center text-white">Copyright © IAP Reduction System Website 2023</p>
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</div>
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</footer>
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<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.2.3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
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<script src="js/scripts.js"></script>
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</body>
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</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8" />
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" />
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<meta name="description" content="" />
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<meta name="author" content="" />
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<title>Inexpensive IAP Reduction</title>
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<link href="styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
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</head>
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<body id="page-top">
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<!-- Navigation-->
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<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark fixed-top" id="mainNav">
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<div class="container px-4">
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<a class="navbar-brand">IAP Reduction System</a>
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<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarResponsive" aria-controls="navbarResponsive" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"><span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span></button>
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<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarResponsive">
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<ul class="navbar-nav ms-auto">
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="index.html">Home</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="hypo.html">Hypothesis</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="design.html">Design</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">Result</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">Conclusion</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">About</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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</nav>
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<!-- end of navbar section -->
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<!-- main section about Hypothesis and Test Method -->
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<section id="about">
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<div class="container px-4">
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<div class="row gx-4 justify-content-center">
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<div class="col-lg-12">
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<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4"></h2>
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<p class=".fw-bold lead">
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<!-- Procedure followed to design and construct the cooking Stove
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Design a prototype unit, based on interviews with Zimbabwe residents who are affected by IAP.
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Test the:
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Alternative Hypothesis:
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A easy to construct, low-cost cooking system will significantly reduce IAP.
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Null Hypothesis: A low-cost cooking system will not significantly reduce IAP.
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Key Variables:
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Independent: Cooking method- Traditional hearth, Clean cooking system, Amount of fuel burned
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Dependent: Cooking particulate residue (weight), Carbon Monoxide concentration, Temperature of stove
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-->
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</p>
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</div>
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<!-- another col-lg-12 section -->
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<div class="col-lg-12">
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<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">Hyopthesis and Testing Method</h2>
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<p class=".fw-bold lead">
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Procedure followed to design and construct the cooking Stove
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Design a prototype unit, based on interviews with Zimbabwe residents who are affected by IAP.
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Test the:
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Alternative Hypothesis:
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A easy to construct, low-cost cooking system will significantly reduce IAP.
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Null Hypothesis: A low-cost cooking system will not significantly reduce IAP.
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Key Variables:
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Independent: Cooking method- Traditional hearth, Clean cooking system, Amount of fuel burned
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Dependent: Cooking particulate residue (weight), Carbon Monoxide concentration, Temperature of sto
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</p><!--first information end-->
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<p class=".fw-bold lead">
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<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">Experimental Procedure</h2>
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Experimental Procedure
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Burn constant amount of fuel using both cooking methods (Open fire vs IAP Reduction Unit)
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Measure weight of particulate residue from the smoke collected by HEPA filter
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Measure concentration of Carbon Monoxide (CO) and heat at set time intervals.
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Compare weight of fuel residue, CO concentrations and heat generated..
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An infrared temperature thermometer at the different parts of the unit with respect to time
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A simple chimney with filter paper is designed to measure the weight of carbon and particulates per unit time.
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A CO meter is used to measure the concentrations of CO present throughout the burning process
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Determine if there a significant difference in IAP and combustion efficiency between the traditional and IAP Reduction cooking system
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</p><!--seond information end-->
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</div><!--end of main col-12 py-section -->
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</div>
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</div>
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</section>
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<!-- ======footer section============= -->
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<footer class="py-5 bg-dark">
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<div class="container px-4"><p class="m-0 text-center text-white">Copyright © IAP Reduction System Website 2023</p>
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</div>
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</footer>
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<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.2.3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
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<script src="js/scripts.js"></script>
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</body>
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</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8" />
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" />
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<meta name="description" content="" />
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<meta name="author" content="" />
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<title>Inexpensive IAP Reduction</title>
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<link href="styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
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</head>
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<body id="page-top">
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<!-- Navigation-->
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<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark fixed-top" id="mainNav">
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<div class="container px-4">
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<a class="navbar-brand">IAP Reduction System</a>
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<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarResponsive" aria-controls="navbarResponsive" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"><span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span></button>
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<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarResponsive">
|
||||
<ul class="navbar-nav ms-auto">
|
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="index.html">Home</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="hypo.html">Hypothesis</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="design.html">Design</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">Result</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">Conclusion</a></li>
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">About</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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</nav>
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<!-- end of navbar section -->
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<!-- media slide section -->
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<div class="media-section">
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<div class="slider">
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<div class="slide slide1">
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<div class="caption">
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<h2>Cooking on Wood</h2>
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<p></p>
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</div>
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</div> <!--first slide image-->
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<div class="slide slide2">
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<div class="caption">
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<h2>IAP Reduction Stove</h2>
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<p></p>
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</div>
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</div> <!--second slide image-->
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<div class="slide slide3">
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<div class="caption">
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<h2>Traditional Fire</h2>
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<p></p>
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</div>
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</div> <!--third slide image-->
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<div class="slide slide4">
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<div class="caption">
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<h2>Lab Results </h2>
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<p></p>
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</div>
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</div> <!--fourth slide image-->
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<div class="slide slide1">
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<div class="caption">
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<h2>Welcome To the Inexpensive Reduction </h2>
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<p></p>
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</div>
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</div> <!--first slide image-->
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</div><!--end of slider-->
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</div><!--end of media slide-->
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<section id="about">
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<div class="container px-4">
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<div class="row gx-4 justify-content-center">
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<div class="col-lg-12">
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<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">WHO Report</h2>
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<p class=".fw-bold lead">
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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 2.6 billion people cook and heat using polluting open
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fires or simple stoves fuelled by kerosene, biomass (wood, animal dung and crop waste) and coal (Air Pollution
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Data Portal, n.d.). This generates high levels of health-damaging Indoor Air Pollution (IAP), such as particulates,
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tar and carbon monoxide. Because women are primarily responsible for cooking and raising young children, both are
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disproportionately affected by IAP. For example, the World Health Report (2002) states that in developing countries
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among the poor, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of the leading causes of childhood mortality (under 5) and is
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responsible for up to 33% of all ARI cases. IAP also adversely affects Zimbabwe because of the number of people who live
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in poor, rural regions. (Rural Population (67% of Total Population…2020) - Zimbabwe | Data, n.d.). A second problem caused
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by open or traditional heaths is the inefficient use of fuel. Past efforts to reduce IAP have focused on efficient combustion
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but have not necessarily focused on thermal efficiency of the overall cooking and heating process. As a result, a significant
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portion of the fuel's energy is lost, leading to increased levels of deforestation. In parallel, people who are faced with the
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challenge of indoor air pollution are from low-income communities which makes it very difficult for them to afford expensive clean
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cooking stoves. Most of the existing solution focus only on reduction of Indoor Air Pollution, but fall short on distribution
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the solution to billions of people who need it.
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</p>
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</div>
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<!-- another col-lg-12 section -->
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<div class="col-lg-12">
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<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">IAP Reduction</h2>
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<p class=".fw-bold lead">
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Because of the above issues, the engineering goal of this experiment is to create pattern designs of creating an affordable,
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simple, and efficient cooking system whose design is based on origami. Origami is the Japanese technique of creating complex
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3-dimensional objects from flat sheets of paper. All that is needed to make a well known object such as a Crane, Cube or Lion
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is the pattern and a piece of paper. Likewise, the clean cooking system's components will be fabricated from flat metal sheets using simple
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folds and cuts, enabling them to be made worldwide without complex fabrication techniques. Additionally, if a component;s pattern is known,
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it can produce it using locally available material and tools. This reduces or eliminates funding and production bottlenecks that have limited
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the impact of prior efforts when attempting to produce and distribute billions of units worldwide. Since many regions that suffer from indoor air
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pollution also have electricity shortages, the practicality of using the thermoelectric chips to generate electricity from the cooking stove's waste
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heat is evaluated. Its cost per watt hour is compared to alternatives such as simple solar panels with local storage (batteries or super capacitors.)
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</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</section>
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||||
<!-- ======footer section============= -->
|
||||
<footer class="py-5 bg-dark">
|
||||
<div class="container px-4"><p class="m-0 text-center text-white">Copyright © IAP Reduction System Website 2023</p>
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||||
</div>
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</footer>
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<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.2.3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
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<script src="js/scripts.js"></script>
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</body>
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</html>
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window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', event => {
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const mainNav = document.body.querySelector('#mainNav');
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if (mainNav) {
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new bootstrap.ScrollSpy(document.body, {
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target: '#mainNav',
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rootMargin: '0px 0px -40%',
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});
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};
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const navbarToggler = document.body.querySelector('.navbar-toggler');
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const responsiveNavItems = [].slice.call(
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document.querySelectorAll('#navbarResponsive .nav-link')
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);
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responsiveNavItems.map(function (responsiveNavItem) {
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responsiveNavItem.addEventListener('click', () => {
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if (window.getComputedStyle(navbarToggler).display !== 'none') {
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navbarToggler.click();
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