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Spencerscooper a00176e7f1 IAP Reduction first commit 2 years ago

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<br>
<br>
Design
<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">Design</h2>
<p class=".fw-bold lead">
Procedure followed to design and construct the cooking Stove
Thermal design assumption of the cooking stove
</p>
</div>
<!-- another col-lg-12 section -->
<div class="col-lg-12">
<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">The Thermal and Assumption Table</h2>
<ul>
<li>Test the performance of designs based on the experience of Zimbabwe residents who cook inside of their dwellings without proper ventilation and suffer from IAP.</li>
<li>One square meter of discarded sheet metal 1mm thick was used to create several different units.</li>
<li>The metal sheet was marked using some chalk to create fold lines and cut lines.</li>
<li>The marked shapes were cut using sheet metal snips. The shapes were joining by folding the edges of the two-dimensional shapes to form threedimensional shapes.</li>
</ul>
<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">Design of Combustion Chamber</h2>
<p class=".fw-bold lead">
The combustion chamber is designed in a rectangular prism shape.
In the combustion chamber fuel (wood pieces) are combusted.
It was observed that inner chamber became red hot.
To reduce the heat losses from inner chamber, a jacket of coarse sand and heat resistance refractory material was added (Fire Clay).
As shown in the figure to the right.
</p>
<div class="fw-bolder">The Clean Cooking System has two components:</div>
Stove “Cooker” to burn fuel more efficiently and reduce emitted smoke.
Chimney and hood, to eliminate fumes from dwelling. The chimney is isolated from the roof by a 2nd outer pipe. Nails are used to isolate the chimney pipe from the insulating pipe and the roof.
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<!-- Navigation-->
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<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="index.html">Home</a></li>
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="hypo.html">Hypothesis</a></li>
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="design.html">Design</a></li>
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">Result</a></li>
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<section id="about">
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<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4"></h2>
<p class=".fw-bold lead">
<!-- Procedure followed to design and construct the cooking Stove
Design a prototype unit, based on interviews with Zimbabwe residents who are affected by IAP.
Test the:
Alternative Hypothesis:
A easy to construct, low-cost cooking system will significantly reduce IAP.
Null Hypothesis: A low-cost cooking system will not significantly reduce IAP.
Key Variables:
Independent: Cooking method- Traditional hearth, Clean cooking system, Amount of fuel burned
Dependent: Cooking particulate residue (weight), Carbon Monoxide concentration, Temperature of stove
-->
</p>
</div>
<!-- another col-lg-12 section -->
<div class="col-lg-12">
<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">Hyopthesis and Testing Method</h2>
<p class=".fw-bold lead">
Procedure followed to design and construct the cooking Stove
Design a prototype unit, based on interviews with Zimbabwe residents who are affected by IAP.
Test the:
Alternative Hypothesis:
A easy to construct, low-cost cooking system will significantly reduce IAP.
Null Hypothesis: A low-cost cooking system will not significantly reduce IAP.
Key Variables:
Independent: Cooking method- Traditional hearth, Clean cooking system, Amount of fuel burned
Dependent: Cooking particulate residue (weight), Carbon Monoxide concentration, Temperature of sto
</p><!--first information end-->
<p class=".fw-bold lead">
<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">Experimental Procedure</h2>
Experimental Procedure
Burn constant amount of fuel using both cooking methods (Open fire vs IAP Reduction Unit)
Measure weight of particulate residue from the smoke collected by HEPA filter
Measure concentration of Carbon Monoxide (CO) and heat at set time intervals.
Compare weight of fuel residue, CO concentrations and heat generated..
An infrared temperature thermometer at the different parts of the unit with respect to time
A simple chimney with filter paper is designed to measure the weight of carbon and particulates per unit time.
A CO meter is used to measure the concentrations of CO present throughout the burning process
Determine if there a significant difference in IAP and combustion efficiency between the traditional and IAP Reduction cooking system
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" />
<meta name="description" content="" />
<meta name="author" content="" />
<title>Inexpensive IAP Reduction</title>
<link href="styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body id="page-top">
<!-- Navigation-->
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark fixed-top" id="mainNav">
<div class="container px-4">
<a class="navbar-brand">IAP Reduction System</a>
<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarResponsive" aria-controls="navbarResponsive" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"><span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span></button>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarResponsive">
<ul class="navbar-nav ms-auto">
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="index.html">Home</a></li>
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="hypo.html">Hypothesis</a></li>
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="design.html">Design</a></li>
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">Result</a></li>
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">Conclusion</a></li>
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="#contact">About</a></li>
</ul>
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</nav>
<!-- end of navbar section -->
<!-- media slide section -->
<div class="media-section">
<div class="slider">
<div class="slide slide1">
<div class="caption">
<h2>Cooking on Wood</h2>
<p></p>
</div>
</div> <!--first slide image-->
<div class="slide slide2">
<div class="caption">
<h2>IAP Reduction Stove</h2>
<p></p>
</div>
</div> <!--second slide image-->
<div class="slide slide3">
<div class="caption">
<h2>Traditional Fire</h2>
<p></p>
</div>
</div> <!--third slide image-->
<div class="slide slide4">
<div class="caption">
<h2>Lab Results </h2>
<p></p>
</div>
</div> <!--fourth slide image-->
<div class="slide slide1">
<div class="caption">
<h2>Welcome To the Inexpensive Reduction </h2>
<p></p>
</div>
</div> <!--first slide image-->
</div><!--end of slider-->
</div><!--end of media slide-->
<section id="about">
<div class="container px-4">
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<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">WHO Report</h2>
<p class=".fw-bold lead">
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 2.6 billion people cook and heat using polluting open
fires or simple stoves fuelled by kerosene, biomass (wood, animal dung and crop waste) and coal (Air Pollution
Data Portal, n.d.). This generates high levels of health-damaging Indoor Air Pollution (IAP), such as particulates,
tar and carbon monoxide. Because women are primarily responsible for cooking and raising young children, both are
disproportionately affected by IAP. For example, the World Health Report (2002) states that in developing countries
among the poor, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of the leading causes of childhood mortality (under 5) and is
responsible for up to 33% of all ARI cases. IAP also adversely affects Zimbabwe because of the number of people who live
in poor, rural regions. (Rural Population (67% of Total Population…2020) - Zimbabwe | Data, n.d.). A second problem caused
by open or traditional heaths is the inefficient use of fuel. Past efforts to reduce IAP have focused on efficient combustion
but have not necessarily focused on thermal efficiency of the overall cooking and heating process. As a result, a significant
portion of the fuel's energy is lost, leading to increased levels of deforestation. In parallel, people who are faced with the
challenge of indoor air pollution are from low-income communities which makes it very difficult for them to afford expensive clean
cooking stoves. Most of the existing solution focus only on reduction of Indoor Air Pollution, but fall short on distribution
the solution to billions of people who need it.
</p>
</div>
<!-- another col-lg-12 section -->
<div class="col-lg-12">
<h2 class="fw-bolder py-4">IAP Reduction</h2>
<p class=".fw-bold lead">
Because of the above issues, the engineering goal of this experiment is to create pattern designs of creating an affordable,
simple, and efficient cooking system whose design is based on origami. Origami is the Japanese technique of creating complex
3-dimensional objects from flat sheets of paper. All that is needed to make a well known object such as a Crane, Cube or Lion
is the pattern and a piece of paper. Likewise, the clean cooking system's components will be fabricated from flat metal sheets using simple
folds and cuts, enabling them to be made worldwide without complex fabrication techniques. Additionally, if a component;s pattern is known,
it can produce it using locally available material and tools. This reduces or eliminates funding and production bottlenecks that have limited
the impact of prior efforts when attempting to produce and distribute billions of units worldwide. Since many regions that suffer from indoor air
pollution also have electricity shortages, the practicality of using the thermoelectric chips to generate electricity from the cooking stove's waste
heat is evaluated. Its cost per watt hour is compared to alternatives such as simple solar panels with local storage (batteries or super capacitors.)
</p>
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<footer class="py-5 bg-dark">
<div class="container px-4"><p class="m-0 text-center text-white">Copyright &copy; IAP Reduction System Website 2023</p>
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